![]() that the paper contained important methodological flaws. The paper contained an unusual definition of a lockdown and methodological issuesĮxperts told the Science Media Center in the U.K. Secondly, many articles and social media posts promoting the study failed to inform readers that the authors are economists and lack expertise in epidemiology and infectious diseases, which is pertinent to this subject, given that lockdowns were used to combat the spread of an infectious disease. Nevertheless, the label “Johns Hopkins study” stuck, likely because it burnished the paper’s credibility in the eyes of the public. Even the authors themselves described it as a working paper, meaning that it is still a work in progress and hasn’t been peer-reviewed by other scientists. Finally, describing the paper as a “study” could mislead readers into believing that the paper is a peer-reviewed published study, which it is not. The second is that the study wasn’t endorsed by the university. One reason is that only one of the three authors, Steve Hanke, is affiliated with Johns Hopkins University. This description is problematic for several reasons. The paper was described by several outlets as a “Johns Hopkins study”. The study is a working paper that isn’t peer-reviewed authors of the paper are economists with no expertise in epidemiology More importantly, public health experts have drawn attention to issues in the authors’ methodology that call the validity of the findings into question, but aren’t acknowledged in certain reports. However, several reports about the paper described it in inaccurate and misleading terms. One of the key advantages of a meta-analysis is that it provides greater statistical power, as it involves many more subjects in the analysis than a single study could provide. ![]() A meta-analysis combines data from multiple studies to answer a specific question, for example, whether sunscreen reduces the risk of skin cancer. It can be used to provide an overview of developments in a field and/or offer new insights based on previous studies, among other things. ![]() In simple terms, a literature review surveys the existing scientific work on a subject. Herby is a special advisor at Center for Political Studies in Copenhagen, Denmark, Jonung is professor emeritus in economics at Lund University, and Hanke is a professor of applied economics at the Johns Hopkins Institute for Applied Economics, Global Health, and the Study of Business Enterprise.Īs the title of the paper explained, the authors undertook a literature review and meta-analysis. The alleged study refers to a working paper posted by three economists, Jonas Herby, Lars Jonung, and Steve Hanke, titled “A Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Lockdowns on COVID-19 Mortality”. Political commentator Tomi Lahren also posted a video citing the study, in which she called lockdowns “useless”, drawing more than 160,000 views on Facebook. These articles and posts went highly viral on social media the Fox News and Daily Mail articles received a combined engagement exceeding 130,000. ![]() In early February 2022, multiple social media posts and articles published by various outlets, including Fox News (see here and here) and the Daily Mail, widely touted a “Johns Hopkins study” purportedly showing that lockdowns only reduced COVID-19 mortality by 0.2% and that lockdowns should be rejected as a pandemic measure. 2%, study finds” “Lockdowns, school closures and limiting gatherings only reduced COVID mortality by 0.2% at 'enormous economic and social costs', study finds” Lockdowns are “useless” FULL CLAIM: “Lockdowns only reduced COVID-19 mortality by. Published scientific studies found that lockdowns are effective at reducing COVID-19 spread and mortality. The type of restrictions implemented and severity of a lockdown can differ greatly between countries. A lockdown can comprise different restrictions, ranging from stay-at-home orders to business closures. A lockdown is a non-pharmaceutical intervention that is typically defined as a measure that requires people to stay at home and avoid activity outside the home involving public contact. ![]()
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